Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is also known as pseudo-partial mole. That is a rare disorder with approximately 51 cases reported worldwide. The true incidence of the disorder is still unknown. The disorder is characterized by placentomegaly with markedly hydropic stem villi that resemble a partial mole, without any trophoblastic proliferation. In addition, the
karyotype is usually normal and it is thought to have a female predominance, marked as 46 XX. This kind of dysplasia has been found to be associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. It is important to distinguish PMD from hydatidiform moles. Various fetal complications have been reported in infants associated with dysplasia. These include
intrauterine growth restriction, fetal anemia, and thrombocytopenia, prematurity and intrauterine fetal death. Maternal complications associated with PMD are comparatively rare, and hydatidiform moles require clinical follow-up to document decreasing beta-hCG levels since there is a small risk for persistent gestational trophoblastic disease.
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